• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The device for ventilatory support of a human or animal that combines a standard laryngeal mask of use with mechanical ventilation, with a mask for the application of continuous positive pressure in the airways, providing air or oxygen slightly pressurized continuously throughout the respiratory cycle to the larynx, for use in those pathologies or in those diagnostic or treatment maneuvers where both methods of ventilatory support are required. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2544026A1
    申请号:ES201430257
    申请日:2014-02-25
    公开日:2015-08-26
    发明作者:Pedro Acha Gandarias；Juan SAGALÉS MAÑAS；Alejandro ROCA DE VIÑALS DELGADO；Alberto CALAF ALCALDE
    申请人:MEDCOM FLOW S A；MEDCOM FLOW SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    P201430257
    02-25-2014 DESCRIPTION
    Device for continuous positive pressure Technical field
    The present invention is framed in the field of mechanical ventilation of the human or animal body. Description of the invention
    The respiratory support modality with continuous positive pressure allows to increase the alveolar ventilation of the patient, creating a positive oxygen pressure in the patient's airways that is constant and that will be the minimum pressure that the patient will get for it in his airways in his full expiration phase.
    Until now, this continuous positive pressure was created in the accesses of the patient's airways, that is, in the mouth or nose, without the need to artificially access the internal airway, unlike what happens in the case of endotracheal intubation. Until today, in the ventilation with continuous positive pressure, facial or nasal mask devices are used to which a pressure is applied to the patient's skin so that there is no oxygen leakage and all the continuous positive pressure arrives in your totality to the patient's airways. Therefore, as the application of positive pressure continues to be invasive, it has started to be called non-invasive mechanical ventilation.
    There are several devices on the market that create this continuous positive pressure on access to the airways such as mouth or nose. This technique consists in applying a continuous positive pressure (in cm of water) throughout the respiratory cycle in the airway above atmospheric pressure, thus increasing lung volume and oxygenation, which allows the patient to breathe spontaneously and always have a positive pressure continues even in the respiratory phase of complete expiration. This technique is widely used, among others, in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
    The application of continuous positive airway pressure in a non-invasive way dates back to 1930, when Alvan Barach showed that continuous positive airway pressure was useful in the treatment of acute lung edema, but it was Gregory in 1971 who gave him name and describes it initially, applying it in respiratory distress of the newborn. Soon after, Civetta and Falke describe their advantages in adults with respiratory failure in 1972.
    P201430257
    02-25-2014
    Compared to endotracheal intubation, continuous positive pressure has, among others, the advantages of a lower risk of complications, allows coughing and elimination of patient secretions, improves the quality of their sleep and facilitates the fact that the patient uses your respiratory muscles, avoiding muscle atrophy.
    On the other hand, on other more serious occasions it is also necessary to resort to endotracheal intubation, for example in interventions in combination with anesthesia, for example for patients who need to be intubated to allow oxygenation, either in ventilation mode and / or in intubation mode
    However, there are cases in which it would be desirable to have a device that simultaneously serves as a laryngeal mask for standard mechanical ventilation and a mask for continuous positive pressure simultaneously. This device would be advantageous, for example, in cases where the pulmonary pathology of the patient is more severe and needs more oxygen supply at positive pressure than a facial mask or nasal glasses can provide, or in patients where it is necessary Perform some diagnostic or therapeutic test through the respiratory tract, where the oxygen supply is reduced accordingly as is the case when using probes, fibroscopes, etc., and in which at the same time it is necessary to provide oxygen to the patient.
    The device according to the invention is intended to respond to such need, providing a device that combines a laryngeal mask with a mask to deliver continuous positive pressure. A device of this type allows to solve the aforementioned problems and thus achieve the desired objectives.
    Consequently, in one aspect the invention is directed to a laryngeal mask having the following components:
    -A dome designed to cover the internal airways of the patient and which is provided with means to apply a positive continuous pressure of air or oxygen to the interior of said internal airways. These means typically include one or more ducts and orifices through which a positive pressure of air or oxygen is provided to the inside of the dome from external means thereto;
    -A laryngeal ring, which can be inflatable or non-inflatable, which is attached to said dome; Y
    -At least one conduit for the entry of air or oxygen into the airways, which is connected to said dome. Typically, air or oxygen from external media is provided through this conduit, which passes through the
    P201430257
    02-25-2014
    dome through one of its holes, where said air or oxygen is released into the airways.
    In preferred embodiments, the mask further comprises at least one of the following additional conduits in any combination:
    5-A laryngeal suction duct, whose function is to be an air outlet and secretions inside the dome;
    -A gastric aspiration duct, designed to remove excess air accumulated in the patient's stomach, which could cause gastric distension and vomiting in it; Y
    10 -A conduit for measuring the pressure inside the dome of the laryngeal mask.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the laryngeal mask is provided with the oxygen inlet duct plus the other three additional ducts mentioned. However, the invention is not limited to the existence of the four ducts necessarily, and it is possible that it has
    15 any combination of them depending on the needs of the patient and / or the doctor who is performing the operation.
    In another preferred embodiment, the duct (s) are joined by an additional piece that surrounds and holds them together, a piece that can also be rigid and also have the function of preventing the patient from biting the ducts and collapsing and closing.
    20 Each of these ducts can be provided with respective caps that allow the mask to be used in either of the two ventilatory modes, plugging or uncapping the ducts, or joining them to other devices. Brief description of the figures
    - Figure 1 shows a side view of the device (1), including the dome (2), the laryngeal ring (3) and the ducts (4) existing in this embodiment of the invention.
    -Figure 2 shows an elevational view of the laryngeal ring and the existing ducts in this embodiment of the invention, which in this case are all those indicated above, that is: the air or oxygen inlet duct (4) to the larynx ; the laryngeal aspiration duct (5); the gastric aspiration line (6), and the pressure measurement line (7).
    -Figure 3 shows an embodiment comprising the additional piece (8) surrounding the
    P201430257
    02-25-2014
    ducts and holds them together, a piece that also has the function of preventing the patient from biting and collapsing.
    - Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the laryngeal ring and the previously indicated ducts existing in this embodiment of the invention.
    5 Thus, the mask can be used in two ventilatory modes:
    -In the standard or conventional ventilatory mode where it is connected to an artificial respirator and used as a conventional laryngeal mask: In this conventional ventilation mode the gastric aspiration duct will be uncapped, the laryngeal aspiration duct will be plugged, the duct pressure measurement will be plugged and the duct
    10 oxygen inlet will be open and connected to an external oxygen outlet.
    -In the ventilatory mode of continuous positive pressure input: In this ventilation mode with continuous positive pressure input the gastric aspiration duct will be uncapped, the laryngeal aspiration duct will be uncapped for air to escape, the measurement duct pressure will be uncapped and connected to a pressure gauge, and the conduit
    15 oxygen inlet will be open and connected to an external oxygen outlet.
    The mask of the invention can be used advantageously, for example:
    -In patients with traumas, wounds, facial burns where facial masks or nasal goggles used for the administration of continuous positive pressure placed on the patient's face are contraindicated:
    20 -In patients with a beard or mustache, without dentition, macrologisa, anatomical anomaly, goiter, and others, where facial masks or nasal glasses used for the administration of continuous positive pressure placed on the patient's face are contraindicated because the mask does not seal well and has oxygen leaks from the face.
    It is also useful when the positive pressure facial mask fails to recover the
    25 normal oxygen saturation of the patient and it is not desired to intubate it, as well as when the patient has intolerance to the positive pressure facial mask and when it is not desired to intubate the patient with sedation and relaxation drugs.
    In addition, the mask of the invention favors bronchodilation and decreases airway resistance, expands atelectasis and rests inspiratory muscles.
    30
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]

    1) A device (1) for the mechanical ventilation of a human or animal being comprising:
    -a dome (2) intended to cover the internal airways of the patient;
    - a laryngeal ring (3) that is attached to said dome (2); Y
    5-at least one air or oxygen inlet duct (4) leading to said dome (2), intended to insufflate air or oxygen into the larynx to apply a positive continuous pressure of air or oxygen to the interior thereof .
    2) A device according to claim 1, further comprising a laryngeal suction duct (5), intended to give air and secretions inside the dome.
    3) A device according to claims 1 or 2, further comprising a gastric aspiration duct (6), intended to extract excess air accumulated in the patient's stomach.
    4) A device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a conduit (7) adapted for measuring the pressure within the dome.
    15 5) A device according to any one of the preceding claims further comprising a protection piece (8) surrounding the or the conduits, protecting and holding them together.
    6) A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the laryngeal ring is inflatable.
    7) A device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, wherein the laryngeal ring is non-inflatable.
    8) A device according to any one of the preceding claims further comprising at least one stopper intended to plug at least one of the laryngeal aspiration (4, 5, 6, 7) ducts, gastric aspiration and the conduit for measuring the pressure in
    25 any combination.
    9) System for mechanical ventilation of a human or animal being comprising the device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8 plus suitable external means for applying a positive continuous pressure of air or oxygen to the interior of the dome through the duct (4) for entering air or oxygen to the larynx.
    6

    10) System according to claim 9 further comprising means for aspirating the secretions of the laryngeal aspiration duct and / or gastric aspiration duct.
    11) System according to claims 9 or 10, further comprising means for measuring the pressure within the dome.
    7
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
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    WO2002004058A2|2000-07-07|2002-01-17|Anaesthesia Research Ltd.|Monitoring and control for a laryngeal mask airway device|
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    法律状态:
    2016-05-31| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2544026 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20160531 |
    优先权:
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